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The D'Hondt Method: Key to Seat Allocation in Andalusian Elections

This electoral system, requiring over 3% of votes, determines the distribution of the 109 seats in the Andalusian Parliament.

Generic image of parliamentary seat distribution in Andalusia.
IA

Generic image of parliamentary seat distribution in Andalusia.

The D'Hondt method is the electoral system used to distribute the 109 seats of the Andalusian Parliament, based on the percentage of votes obtained by each political party.

For a political party to be considered in the seat allocation, it must surpass 3% of the votes cast in its constituency. Once this threshold is met, results are ordered from highest to lowest, including blank votes, to calculate each candidacy's percentage.
Seat allocation is done using a table where each candidacy's votes are successively divided by 1, 2, 3, and so on, until as many columns as seats to be distributed are filled. Seats are awarded to the highest resulting figures, in descending order. In case of a tie, a draw is used.
Although the Andalusian electoral system is proportional, it includes territorial corrections. The Statute of Autonomy establishes the province as the electoral constituency, ensuring no province has more than double the deputies of another. Each province has an initial minimum of eight deputies, with the remaining 45 distributed based on population.
The distribution of seats per constituency and their registered population is as follows: Seville (18 seats, 1,948,393 inhabitants), Málaga (17 seats, 1,717,504 inhabitants), Cádiz (15 seats, 1,246,781 inhabitants), Granada (13 seats, 921,987 inhabitants), Almería (12 seats, 740,534 inhabitants), Córdoba (12 seats, 772,464 inhabitants), Jaén (11 seats, 623,761 inhabitants), and Huelva (11 seats, 528,763 inhabitants).
The results from the 2022 elections indicate that one seat in Andalusia had a 'price' of 60,935 votes. However, the cost per seat and elector varies significantly between provinces: Seville (45,700 votes), Málaga (38,500), Cádiz (39,700), Granada (36,200), Córdoba (30,500), Jaén (27,000), Almería (23,800), and Huelva (20,100).
The functioning of the D'Hondt method tends to benefit provinces with smaller populations, as a lower number of votes is required to gain parliamentary representation.