The service interruption on the Córdoba-Jaén line, which is expected to last until September 2027, has highlighted the fragility of this infrastructure. The Government, in response to a question from the Popular Party (PP) in the Senate, detailed that Renfe documented six significant incidents in the sections Córdoba Julio Anguita – Espeluy Aguja KM 340.1 of Line 400 and Espeluy Aguja KM 340.1 – Jaén of Line 402 during 2025.

The causes of these failures are diverse, ranging from operational complexity and the age of some components to adjustments in recently installed equipment. Although all anomalies were rectified, the current situation of the line is critical, with a projected closure of almost two years to repair damage caused by a retaining wall collapse between Villa del Río and Montoro, and subsequent floods that affected the railway platform, rails, and sleepers between Alcolea de Córdoba and Espeluy.

Renfe's Safety Management System (SGS) was activated to classify and manage these incidents, ensuring immediate communication and resolution of any anomaly. This protocol requires train drivers to urgently inform the Regulation and Control Centers of any risk, enabling the activation of preventive measures.

Meanwhile, the line's disruption continues to affect commuters, who rely on substitute bus services. Córdoba's Popular Party senator, Cristina Casanueva, has criticized the management of the Spanish Government and the PSOE, led by María Jesús Montero, pointing to a lack of investment and foresight in the province's railway services. Casanueva highlighted the progressive deterioration of the Seville-Córdoba-Jaén medium-distance line, with a 50% increase in speed restrictions between December 2023 and December 2025.