The proposed line aims to connect the Bay of Algeciras with the Bay of Cadiz, establishing a direct route for both passengers and freight. This would, in turn, strengthen links with the Port of Algeciras, recognized as Spain's busiest port.

For years, the Campo de Gibraltar region has complained about poor rail infrastructure. The existing Algeciras-Bobadilla line, built in the 19th century, is considered outdated and slow, passing through mountainous areas near Ronda and significantly extending travel times for people and goods to and from the Port of Algeciras. Furthermore, this remains the area's only rail connection with the rest of the country.

The idea of a new rail connection is not new. Technical studies dating back to 1999 have repeatedly supported the need for a line between Algeciras and Cadiz province, evaluating various possible routes, including options through Medina Sidonia, Tarifa, and the Los Alcornocales Natural Park. However, despite the years that have passed, the project has not moved forward, and there are no clear indications of its short-term implementation.

The debate has re-emerged in the public sphere during the Andalusian election campaign, with several political parties supporting rail investment plans in the Campo de Gibraltar. A recent report, prepared for the Spanish Transport Association (AET), highlighted the region's 'historical railway isolation' and argued that improvements to the Bobadilla route alone would not suffice. The report proposes a modern mixed-traffic railway linking Algeciras with San Fernando and Jerez, designed for both passenger services and heavy freight trains.

Proponents of the project state that this line would improve connections for nearly one million residents, alleviate congestion on roads such as the A-7 and N-340, and strengthen links with the rest of Spain. Additionally, it is seen as an important step towards a future fixed connection between Spain and Morocco across the Strait of Gibraltar, although the latter remains a long-term ambition. Local business groups argue that the main obstacle is political rather than technical, accusing successive governments of failing to prioritize the region's transport needs.